How to Apply Weed and Feed Lawn Fertilizer: A Step-by-Step Guide

Are you tired of battling unsightly weeds while also trying to achieve a lush, green lawn? You’re not alone! Many homeowners struggle with this common problem. The good news is that weed and feed lawn fertilizer can be a highly effective solution. But, knowing how to apply it correctly is crucial for success. Incorrect application can lead to disappointing results, potential harm to your lawn, and even environmental concerns.

This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need to know about how to apply weed and feed lawn fertilizer, from understanding the different types available to the specific steps you need to take for optimal results. We’ll cover important considerations like timing, weather conditions, and safety precautions, ensuring you get the most out of this popular lawn care product. Let’s get started and transform your lawn into the envy of the neighborhood!

Understanding Weed and Feed

Before diving into the application process, it’s essential to understand what weed and feed is and how it works. Essentially, weed and feed is a combination product that contains both fertilizer and a herbicide. The fertilizer nourishes your grass, promoting healthy growth and a vibrant appearance. The herbicide targets and eliminates existing weeds, preventing them from competing with your grass for essential resources like water, sunlight, and nutrients.

Types of Weed and Feed

Weed and feed products come in various formulations, each designed for specific situations and lawn types. Understanding these differences will help you choose the right product for your needs. Here’s a breakdown:

• Granular Weed and Feed: This is the most common type. It comes in small granules that you spread over your lawn using a spreader. Granular products typically release the fertilizer and herbicide slowly over time, providing a sustained effect. They are effective against a wide range of weeds.
• Liquid Weed and Feed: Liquid weed and feed is usually mixed with water and applied using a sprayer. It offers the advantage of quicker weed control and can be more effective for spot treatments. However, liquid products may require more frequent applications compared to granular formulations.
• Pre-emergent Weed and Feed: Pre-emergent weed and feed products are designed to prevent weed seeds from germinating. They create a barrier in the soil that inhibits weed growth. These are best applied before weed seeds begin to sprout, typically in early spring or fall.
• Post-emergent Weed and Feed: Post-emergent weed and feed products target weeds that have already sprouted and are actively growing. These products are most effective when weeds are young and actively growing.
• Selective vs. Non-Selective Weed and Feed:
  • Selective herbicides target specific weeds while leaving your desirable grass unharmed. Most weed and feed products are selective.
  • Non-selective herbicides kill all plants they come into contact with, including your grass. These are generally not used in weed and feed products, but it is important to check the label.

Choosing the Right Weed and Feed

Selecting the appropriate weed and feed product depends on several factors. Consider these points:

• Your Lawn Type: Different grasses have different tolerances to herbicides. Always read the product label to ensure it’s safe for your specific grass type (e.g., Kentucky bluegrass, fescue, Bermuda grass, etc.).
• The Weeds Present: Identify the weeds you are trying to control. Some products are designed for broadleaf weeds (like dandelions and clover), while others target specific weed types. The product label will list the weeds it controls.
• The Time of Year: Timing is critical. Pre-emergent products are best used in early spring or fall, while post-emergent products are most effective when weeds are actively growing.
• Your Application Method: Do you prefer a granular or liquid application? Granular products are easier to apply over a large area, while liquid products are better for spot treatments.
• Environmental Considerations: Look for products with low environmental impact. Consider the potential effects on pollinators and water sources.

Common Ingredients in Weed and Feed

Understanding the active ingredients in weed and feed products can help you make informed choices. Here are some common examples: (See Also: how is nitrogen fertilizer made)

• Fertilizers: Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K) are the primary nutrients in fertilizer. The numbers on the product label (e.g., 20-10-10) represent the percentage of each nutrient by weight. Nitrogen promotes green growth, phosphorus supports root development, and potassium enhances overall plant health.
• Herbicides:
  • 2,4-D: A common broadleaf herbicide that effectively controls many common weeds.
  • Mecoprop (MCPP): Another broadleaf herbicide that is often combined with 2,4-D for broader weed control.
  • Dicamba: A powerful broadleaf herbicide effective against a wide range of weeds.
  • Trifluralin: A pre-emergent herbicide that prevents weed seeds from germinating.

Always read and follow the product label carefully to understand the specific ingredients and their effects.

Step-by-Step Guide to Applying Weed and Feed (granular)

Applying granular weed and feed correctly is essential for achieving the desired results. Here’s a step-by-step guide:

1. Read the Product Label: This is the most crucial step. The product label contains detailed instructions, safety precautions, and specific recommendations for your lawn type and the weeds the product controls. Pay close attention to the application rate, timing, and any restrictions.
2. Prepare Your Lawn:
   • Mow Your Lawn: Mow your lawn a few days before application. This allows the herbicide to make better contact with the weeds.
   • Water Your Lawn (Optional): If the label recommends it, water your lawn a day or two before application. This helps the granules stick to the weeds and allows the fertilizer to be absorbed.
   • Remove Debris: Remove any sticks, leaves, or other debris from your lawn that could interfere with the application.
3. Choose the Right Spreader:
   • Rotary Spreader: Rotary spreaders are best for larger lawns. They distribute the granules over a wider area.
   • Drop Spreader: Drop spreaders are better for smaller lawns or areas where precision is needed. They distribute the granules in a narrower path.
   • Calibrate Your Spreader: Refer to the product label for the recommended spreader settings. Calibrate your spreader to ensure you are applying the correct amount of product. You can do this by spreading a measured amount of product over a small, known area and adjusting the spreader settings accordingly.
4. Apply the Weed and Feed:
   • Fill the Spreader: Fill your spreader with the weed and feed granules, following the manufacturer’s instructions.
   • Apply in Overlapping Passes: Walk at a consistent pace, overlapping each pass slightly (about 6 inches). This ensures even coverage and prevents gaps.
   • Turn Off the Spreader at the Edges: Turn off the spreader when you reach the edges of your lawn to avoid applying product to sidewalks, driveways, or flower beds.
   • Avoid Overlap or Missed Spots: Pay close attention to avoid overlapping the product too much, which can lead to over-application. Also, make sure you don’t miss any spots as it can affect the efficacy of the application.
5. Water Your Lawn (If Required): Many granular weed and feed products require watering after application to activate the herbicide and fertilizer. Check the product label for specific instructions. Generally, you should water lightly to avoid washing away the granules.
6. Post-Application Care:
   • Avoid Mowing: Avoid mowing your lawn for a few days after application to allow the herbicide to work.
   • Keep Children and Pets Off the Lawn: Follow the product label’s instructions regarding how long to keep children and pets off the treated area.
   • Monitor Your Lawn: Observe your lawn for signs of weed control and any adverse effects. If you have concerns, contact the product manufacturer or a lawn care professional.
7. Clean Up:
   • Clean the Spreader: After use, thoroughly clean your spreader to remove any remaining granules. This will prevent corrosion and ensure accurate application next time.
   • Store Properly: Store the remaining product in a cool, dry place, out of reach of children and pets.

Step-by-Step Guide to Applying Weed and Feed (liquid)

Liquid weed and feed offers a different approach to weed control. Here’s how to apply it:

1. Read the Product Label: Again, the label is your guide. It provides crucial information on the product’s concentration, application rate, and safety precautions.
2. Prepare Your Lawn:
   • Mow Your Lawn: Mow your lawn a few days before application.
   • Water Your Lawn (Optional): Some products recommend watering before application, while others recommend applying to dry foliage. Check the label.
   • Remove Debris: Clear away any debris that could interfere with the application.
3. Choose Your Sprayer:
   • Tank Sprayer: For larger areas, a tank sprayer with a pump is recommended.
   • Hose-End Sprayer: For smaller areas, a hose-end sprayer can be convenient.
4. Mix the Solution:
   • Follow the Instructions: Carefully measure the correct amount of weed and feed concentrate and mix it with water according to the product label’s instructions.
   • Use the Right Container: Mix the solution in a clean container.
5. Apply the Solution:
   • Apply Evenly: Apply the solution evenly over the weeds, ensuring good coverage.
   • Avoid Over-Spraying: Avoid over-spraying, which can lead to runoff and potential environmental contamination.
   • Consider Wind Conditions: Apply on a calm day to minimize drift.
6. Post-Application Care:
   • Avoid Mowing: Avoid mowing for the period recommended on the label, typically 24-48 hours.
   • Keep Children and Pets Off the Lawn: Follow the label’s instructions regarding how long to keep children and pets off the treated area.
   • Monitor Your Lawn: Observe your lawn for signs of weed control.
7. Clean Up:
   • Clean Your Sprayer: Thoroughly clean your sprayer after use to prevent clogging and corrosion.
   • Store Properly: Store the remaining product in a cool, dry place, out of reach of children and pets.

Timing Is Everything: When to Apply Weed and Feed

The timing of your weed and feed application is crucial for its effectiveness. Applying it at the wrong time can lead to poor weed control and even damage to your lawn. Here’s a guide to help you determine the best time to apply:

Pre-Emergent Weed and Feed Timing

Pre-emergent weed and feed products are designed to prevent weed seeds from germinating. They should be applied before weeds emerge. The ideal timing for pre-emergent applications depends on your location and the type of weeds you’re targeting. Here are some general guidelines: (See Also: how does the use of fertilizer affect the nitrogen cycle)

• Early Spring: Apply pre-emergent products in early spring, typically when soil temperatures reach 50-55°F (10-13°C) for several days. This is usually around the time that forsythia bushes begin to bloom. This timing is especially important for controlling crabgrass and other summer annual weeds.
• Fall: In some regions, a fall pre-emergent application can help control winter annual weeds.
• Check Local Conditions: Consult your local extension office or a lawn care professional for specific recommendations based on your region and the weeds you are trying to control.

Post-Emergent Weed and Feed Timing

Post-emergent weed and feed products target weeds that have already sprouted and are actively growing. The best time to apply these products is when weeds are young and actively growing. Here are some guidelines:

• Spring: Apply post-emergent products in the spring when weeds are actively growing and temperatures are consistently above 60°F (15°C). This is often the best time to control many broadleaf weeds.
• Early Summer: You can also apply post-emergent products in early summer, but be aware that some herbicides may become less effective as temperatures rise.
• Fall: In some regions, a fall application can be effective for controlling cool-season weeds.
• Avoid Extreme Temperatures: Avoid applying post-emergent products during periods of extreme heat or drought. High temperatures can stress your grass and reduce the effectiveness of the herbicide.
• Apply When Weeds are Actively Growing: The herbicide is most effective when weeds are actively growing, which means they are actively drawing in nutrients and water.

Weather Conditions and Weed and Feed

Weather conditions significantly impact the effectiveness of weed and feed products. Here’s how to consider the weather when applying:

• Temperature:
  • Granular: Granular weed and feed products can be applied in a wider range of temperatures.
  • Liquid: Liquid weed and feed products are generally most effective when temperatures are between 60°F and 85°F (15°C and 29°C). Avoid applying them during extreme heat, as this can stress your grass and reduce the herbicide’s effectiveness.
• Rain:
  • Granular: Most granular weed and feed products require watering after application to activate the herbicide and fertilizer. Check the product label for specific instructions. Avoid applying granular products right before a heavy rain, as this can wash away the granules before they have a chance to work.
  • Liquid: Avoid applying liquid weed and feed products right before a rainstorm. Rain can wash away the herbicide, reducing its effectiveness. Allow the product to dry completely on the weeds, usually for several hours, before it rains.
• Wind:
  • Granular: Wind generally does not affect granular products, but be mindful of wind when filling your spreader.
  • Liquid: Avoid applying liquid weed and feed products on windy days. Wind can cause the spray to drift, potentially damaging non-target plants. Apply on a calm day.
• Humidity: High humidity can sometimes increase the effectiveness of post-emergent herbicides.
• Drought: Avoid applying weed and feed during periods of drought. Drought-stressed grass may not be able to absorb the fertilizer effectively, and the herbicide may be less effective. Water your lawn thoroughly before applying weed and feed during a drought.

Safety Precautions

Safety should always be your top priority when handling weed and feed products. Here are some essential safety precautions:

• Read and Follow the Label: The product label contains important safety information, including personal protective equipment (PPE) recommendations, first aid instructions, and environmental precautions.
• Wear Protective Gear:
  • Gloves: Wear chemical-resistant gloves to protect your hands.
  • Eye Protection: Wear safety glasses or goggles to protect your eyes.
  • Clothing: Wear long sleeves, long pants, and closed-toe shoes.
  • Mask (Optional): If you are sensitive to dust or fumes, consider wearing a dust mask or respirator.
• Avoid Contact with Skin and Eyes: Avoid direct contact with the product. If the product comes into contact with your skin or eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water.
• Keep Children and Pets Away: Keep children and pets away from the treated area during application and for the duration specified on the product label.
• Avoid Inhalation: Avoid inhaling the dust or fumes from the product. Apply the product in a well-ventilated area.
• Wash Hands Thoroughly: Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling the product.
• Store Properly: Store weed and feed products in a cool, dry place, out of reach of children and pets. Keep them in their original containers.
• Dispose of Properly: Dispose of empty containers and unused product according to the product label’s instructions and local regulations.
• First Aid: Know the first aid instructions listed on the product label. Have the poison control center’s number handy (1-800-222-1222).
• Environmental Protection:
  • Avoid Runoff: Prevent runoff into waterways by applying the product correctly and following the label’s instructions.
  • Protect Pollinators: Avoid applying weed and feed when pollinators are actively foraging.
  • Protect Water Sources: Do not apply weed and feed near water sources, such as streams, ponds, or wells.

Troubleshooting Common Problems

Even with careful application, you may encounter some issues. Here’s how to troubleshoot common problems:

• Poor Weed Control:
  • Wrong Product: You may have selected a product that is not effective against the weeds you have. Check the product label to ensure it controls the weeds you are targeting.
  • Incorrect Timing: You may have applied the product at the wrong time of year or when the weeds were not actively growing.
  • Insufficient Coverage: You may not have applied enough product or provided complete coverage. Make sure you are using the correct spreader setting and overlapping passes.
  • Weather Conditions: Rain or extreme heat can reduce the effectiveness of the product.
  • Weed Resistance: In rare cases, weeds can develop resistance to herbicides. If you suspect this, consult a lawn care professional.
• Lawn Damage:
  • Over-Application: Applying too much product can damage your lawn. Follow the product label’s instructions carefully.
  • Wrong Product for Your Grass Type: Using a product that is not safe for your grass type can cause damage. Always check the product label.
  • Stressful Conditions: Applying weed and feed during periods of drought or extreme heat can stress your grass.
• Uneven Growth:
  • Uneven Application: If you did not apply the product evenly, you may see uneven growth. Check your spreader calibration.
  • Nutrient Imbalances: Your lawn may have nutrient imbalances. A soil test can help determine what nutrients your lawn needs.
• Weed Reappearance:
  • New Weed Seeds: New weed seeds may have germinated after your application.
  • Incomplete Control: Some weeds may have survived the application.
  • Soil Disturbances: Disturbing the soil can bring new weed seeds to the surface.

If you encounter problems that you can’t resolve, consider contacting a lawn care professional for assistance. They can assess your lawn, identify the issues, and recommend the best course of action. (See Also: how to spell fertilizer)

Frequently Asked Questions (faq)

Here are some of the most common questions people ask about weed and feed:

• When is the best time to apply weed and feed? The best time to apply weed and feed depends on whether you are using a pre-emergent or post-emergent product, and your location. Generally, pre-emergent products are best applied in early spring or fall, and post-emergent products are best applied in spring or early summer.
• How often should I apply weed and feed? The frequency of application depends on the product and your lawn’s needs. Follow the product label’s instructions. In most cases, one or two applications per year are sufficient.
• Can I apply weed and feed to a newly seeded lawn? No, you should not apply weed and feed to a newly seeded lawn. Weed and feed products can harm young grass seedlings. Wait until your new grass has been mowed several times.
• Can I apply weed and feed to a lawn with pets or children? Yes, but you must follow the product label’s instructions regarding how long to keep children and pets off the treated area.
• What if it rains after I apply weed and feed? The effect of rain depends on the product. Granular products usually require watering after application, while liquid products should be allowed to dry before rain. Check the product label.
• What are the benefits of using weed and feed? Weed and feed products can help you achieve a lush, green lawn by controlling weeds and providing essential nutrients to your grass.
• What are the risks of using weed and feed? Risks include potential harm to non-target plants, environmental concerns, and the possibility of lawn damage if the product is not applied correctly. Always read and follow the product label.
• Can I make my own weed and feed? It is not recommended to make your own weed and feed. Proper formulations and safety measures are crucial for effective weed control and lawn health.
• What is the difference between weed and feed and fertilizer? Fertilizer provides nutrients to your grass, while weed and feed contains both fertilizer and a herbicide to control weeds.
• Where can I buy weed and feed? Weed and feed products are available at most garden centers, home improvement stores, and online retailers.

Final Verdict

Applying weed and feed correctly is a cornerstone of effective lawn care. By understanding the different types, choosing the right product for your needs, and following the step-by-step instructions, you can effectively combat weeds and promote a healthy, vibrant lawn. Remember to always prioritize safety, read the product label carefully, and consider environmental factors. With proper application, you’ll be well on your way to a beautiful, weed-free lawn that you can be proud of.

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